Business Leadership And Leadership Skills - 1776 Words

Today s corporate executives face the enormous challenges in a rapidly changing business environment. The increasing complexity of the environment, the higher degree of globalization, the changing of social expectations, and the increasing diversity of talent demands require business leaders have the ability to play multiple roles at the same time. Today s business leadership responsibilities can no longer be limited to technical knowledge or technical bureaucratic routes. On the contrary, business leaders must develop a variety of capabilities to master the different leadership skills and use these skills flexibly in the changing business environment. Only in this way can the business leaders be able to recognize trends, respond to†¦show more content†¦Treating employees fairly I believe treating employees fairly will promote employee working performance and avoid some of the problems that come from employees. When I did my first job in a bank, my manager didn’t treat all employees fairly. He treated several employees who had a good personal relationship with him much better than others. Those employees had already worked with him for a long time before I joined the company. If they made a mistake, he would try to cover up the mistake and made it seem like nothing happened. However, if other employees, including me, made the same mistake, he would ask us to his office and have a severe criticism on us. Once the department had a promotion opportunity, he ignored the working performance and promoted an employee who had a good relationship with him. Over time some of the employees lost their enthusiasm for their jobs, they didn’t care about the working performance any more. They just completed their work based on their working duties without any additional contribution to the company. Some of them became sensitive to their working duties; if a task was beyond their working duties, they wouldn’t do it. Disputes over working duties often occurred among the employees. Some of the employees began to complain about our manager. Obviously, our manager didn’t treat us in a fair manner. Fairness in the working place means that leadersShow MoreRelatedMy Experience On Developing Skills For Business Leadership1512 Words   |  7 PagesREFLECTIVE ACCOUNT   During the 1st semester I was taught six different modules, but mainly I will focus my experience on developing skills for business leadership. In my Developing skills for business leadership, the first week the lecture was speaking about the six types of skills and how you should work to improve your skill as a leader or manage in an organization.   Our first focus was on time and stress management how to work on time and how to be efficient and effective on time and overcomeRead MoreA Roadmap For Development Of Global Business Leadership Skills2126 Words   |  9 Pages1. Create a roadmap for development of global business leadership skills in your organization. Business leadership is very important because without a good leader, a business will be ruined. Therefore, it is critical to create a roadmap for development of global business leadership skills by continuing to use a smart management program at all levels across the organization. In fact, an organization needs leadership development programs to focus on hiring strategies, employee development, career andRead MoreA Roadmap For Development Of Global Business Leadership Skills1830 Words   |  8 Pagesroadmap for development of global business leadership skills in your organization. Business leadership is very important. Without a good leader, a business will be ruined. So it is very important to create a roadmap for development of global business leadership skills in an organization. Creating a roadmap to develop leadership skill is to continue using a smart management program at all levels across the organization. In fact, an organizations needs leadership development programs to focus on hiringRead MoreWhy I Interested Pursuing Pursue A Business Degree Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesI am interested in pursuing a degree in business because there are a variety of job opportunities within the field. My parents also owned their own business, which was the main reason I wanted to pursue a business degree. I was inspired by their work ethics, and how they overcame their struggles and obtained success within their business and recognition in society. Originally, my major was in management. However, I have recently become more interested in an ISOM major after atte nding an Ask theRead MoreWhy I Want Pursue A Business Degree Essay1318 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction I am interested in pursuing a degree in business because a variety of job opportunities are represented within the field. My parents also owned their own business, which was the main reason I wanted to pursue a business degree. I was inspired by their work ethics, and how they overcame their struggles and obtained success within their business and recognition in society. Originally, my major was in management. However, I recently became more interested in an ISOM major after attendingRead MoreThe World Of Business And Politics1496 Words   |  6 PagesThe world of business and politics uses leader traits and behaviors, and takes a first step toward an integrative theory of how leader traits and behaviors influence leadership effectiveness. There are processes to accomplish this, which are followed by a three-stage process. First, based on a narrative review of the literature, a conceptual model is developed that organizes the current literature and models how leader traits and be haviors affect leadership effectiveness. Second, the relative validityRead MoreLeadership And Management Skills Development And Effective Use Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership and Management Skill Development and Effective Use Introduction Leader comprise of people who analysis a situation and take initiative to implement change for the betterment of the business or organization they have enrolled to work for. Good leaders will never observe negative aspects of a business as being weaknesses but as being opportunities to improve the organizations operation and growth. This is the precise situation experienced by the International Institute of Educational ExcellenceRead MoreEssay On Msm761 Words   |  4 PagesStudent’s Name Institution Affiliation Final Section – Post Script Management and Leadership Qualities Acquired The business environment today is a highly competitive place. To fend off such heightened competition and foster organizational success, it is vital that business organizations ensure that they have competent leadership and management functions. One way through which leadership and management skills and knowledge can be reinforced is through education. The decision to undertake a MastersRead MoreTaking a Look at Leadership Skills698 Words   |  3 PagesLeadership skills Now days everything has relationship with business and I think one of the most important things in business is leadership so I am going to tell you in the first paragraph in this topic about the leadership skills then I will give you in the second paragraph examples to business company that success by their leader and there leadership skills And a companies that fail because there poor leadership skills Then I will Conclude my topic. This paragraph will be about the leadership skillsRead MoreLeadership Competencies And Leadership Skills1477 Words   |  6 Pagesguiding initiatives and employees is defined as Leadership skills. Valuable leadership skills include taking thoughtful decisions, allocation of resources, and the ability to delegate, inspire and communicate effectively. Other leadership traits include honesty, confidence, commitment and creativity. Leadership competencies can be used to effectively select, develop and promote leaders in an organization .The difference between Leadership Skill and leadership competency can explained as the required level

The Puzzle Of Motivation By Dan Pink - 847 Words

While watching â€Å"The Puzzle of Motivation† by Dan Pink, I was very intrigued. Throughout the entire talk, there were several interesting points that were made. It really interested me when Pink talked about the group that was rewarded. Pink stated that if the contestants were in the top 25% of the fastest times, they would be rewarded five dollars. With this incentive, most would hope to do well, if not better than the person that would not be rewarded. Pink then goes on to point out the results. How much faster did the group that was offered a reward actually do? On average, it took them three and a half minutes longer. This really stood out to me because when offered a reward for a task, normally a person would be more motivated and thus do better. What amazed me even more was that this isn’t just a one time thing. This is has been replicated over and over for nearly 40 years. As Pink says around 04:33, â€Å"These contingent motivators -- if you do this, then yo u get that -- work in some circumstances. But for a lot of tasks, they actually either don t work or, often, they do harm.† These rewards that are being offered are being used to attempt to sharpen thinking and accelerate creativity, but instead it’s proving to do the opposite. It’s proving to dull thinking and block creativity. I am motivated by the feeling I get when I have disappointed someone or most importantly myself. When I do something incorrectly, it gives me the motivation to do better. I don’t ever want toShow MoreRelatedI love Lucy: Lucy Ball1481 Words   |  6 Pagesyou’ve never failed, you’ve never lived.† (â€Å"If youve never failed, youve never lived†-video) This video and short statement entails that life is about taking risks and learning from one’s mistakes. Without life’s mistakes, people wouldn’t have the motivation to become better. Failure is a part of life. Failure allows the term, â€Å"When you fall, you get back up† come into play, allowing individuals to realize that it is a natural part of life to lose at something; one must simply get back up and try harderRead MoreHistorian as curandera Essay4547 Words   |  19 Pageshtml 12. Brenà © Brown , The power of vulnerability taken from http://www.ted.com/talks/brene_brown_on_vulnerability.html 13. Simon Sinek released the book Start With Why taken from http://www.ted.com/speakers/simon_sinek.html 14. Dan Pink: The puzzle of motivation http://www.ted.com/talks/dan_pink_on_motivation.html 15. Jonathan Haidt: Religion, evolution, and the ecstasy of self-transcendence http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MYsx6WArKY 16. Fromm,E The forgotten langage , http://www.scribd.Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesIntroduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 FoundationsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesObservation Room Research and the development of neo-modernist organization theory Why the Hawthorne Studies were so important How neo-modernist organization theory challenges understandings of the relationship between organizations and society A puzzle – is it is better to ‘belong’ or to be an ‘individual’? Longing to belong: too much commitment A reminder – the human relations approach is not the only neo-modernist story in town How neo-modernist organization theory challenges understandings ofRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesgreat control over organizational activities and helps ensure that the organization is pursuing its strategy, but it makes it difï ¬ cult for the people who are closest to problems and issues to respond to them in a timely manner. It also can lower the motivation of middle and ï ¬ rst-line managers and make them less ï ¬â€šexible and adaptable because they become reluctant to make decisions on their own, even when doing so is necessary. They get used to passing the buck. As we saw in Chapter 1, the pendulum is now

Islamic State Free Essays

string(43) " on various properties such as zakat on 7\." Islamic Economics Institution Of Bait-ul-Maal By Muhammad Adeel Mian Sajjad Naqwi Sec-H Presented to: Miss Tahseen Lahore School of Economics BAIT-UL-MAAL Introduction The bait-ul-maal is a unique institute which was established for the economic prosperity of the people. As we all know in the Islamic system of life sovereignty belongs to Allah and man is His vicegerent on earth. Similarly the same concept applies to Bait-ul-maal, where Allah is sole master of this treasury while the caliphs are only the trustee of Bait-ul-Maal. We will write a custom essay sample on Islamic State or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this sense the concept of Bait-ul-maal is different from the concept of public exchequer in un-Islamic systems. In an Islamic state Bait-ul-maal is Safeguarded and expenditures from it is made in the sense that it is a trust. Definition So how can we define bait-ul-maal? It is the place which is designed for keeping the spoils of war, charity, land tax and Jizyah (the tax which a free non-Muslim pays in Muslim countries in return for his protection), and this money should be in the hands of the caliph or a Muslim ruler who spends it in what Allaah has ordained. Historically, it was a financial institution responsible for the administration of taxes in Islamic states, particularly in the early Islamic Caliphate. It served as a royal treasury for the caliphs, managing personal finances and government expenditures. Further, it administered distributions of zakah revenues for public works. History Bayt al-mal was the department that dealt with the revenues and all other economic matters of the state. In the time of Muhammad (SAW) there was no permanent Bait-ul-Mal or public treasury. Whatever revenues or other amounts were received were distributed immediately. There were no salaries to be paid, and there was no state expenditure. Similarly Prophet Muhammad, (pbuh), established the common brotherhood of Muslims soon after the Hijrah to Medina from Mecca. Each resident of Medina became a helper (ansar) to each individual who migrated with Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The rich Muslims took charge of the poor ones and soon the economic disparity was removed with the interdependency. Hence the need for the treasury at public level was not felt. Abdullah ibn Abbas (R. A) states: â€Å"For me to fulfil the necessities of a Muslim family for a month or for a week or whatever period of time Allah pleases is more beloved to me than performing hajj after hajj. Buying a utensil for even a daaniq (one-sixth of a dirham) and giving it to my brother as a gift for the pleasure of Allah is more beloved to me than spending a dinar in the path of Allah. † – Abu Nu’aym in Hilya 1:328 But It wont be right to say that the concept of Bait-ul-maal didn’t exist at the time of last prophecy. The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, used to have trustworthy people who kept these assets and they divided them with his order on those who deserved them. The mosque was the place in which the assets and belongings were exposed and the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, would divide them by himself. However, the camels and other cattle remained in the folds until it was time for their division. Even in the time of Abu Bakr there was not treasury. Abu Bakr earmarked a house where all money was kept on receipt. As all money was distributed immediately the treasury generally remained locked up. It was reported that at the time of the death of Abu Bakr there was only one dirham in the public treasury. After the death of 1st caliph things changes. Establishment of Bait-ul-maal In the time of Umar (R. A) things changed. With the extension in conquests money came in larger quantities, Umar also allowed salaries to men fighting in the army. Abu Huraira who was the Governor of Bahrain sent a revenue of five hundred thousand dirhams. Umar summoned a meeting of his Consultative Assembly and sought the opinion of the Companions about the disposal of the money. Uthman ibn Affan advised that the amount should be kept for future needs. Walid bin Hisham suggested that like the Byzantines separate departments of Treasury and Accounts should be set up. After consulting the Companions Umar (R. A) decided to establish the Central Treasury at Madinah. Abdullah bin Arqam was appointed as the Treasury Officer. He was assisted by Abdur Rahman bin Awf and Muiqib. A separate Accounts Department was also set up and it was required to maintain record of all that was spent. Later provincial treasuries were set up in the provinces. After meeting the local expenditure the provincial treasuries were required to remit the surplus amount to the central treasury at Madinah. According to Yaqubi the salaries and stipends charged to the central treasury amounted to over 30 million dirhams. Whereas a separate building was constructed for the royal treasury by the name bait-u-maal, which in large cities was guarded by as many as 400 guards. Finally in Hazart Umer’s regime the concept of Bait-ul-maal was implemented and strengthened. Zakat This is the most important source of revenue of the Bait-ul-maal. It is different from the other revenues because its collection, in regards of with its collected amounts and in regards with its spending. Islam restricted the sources from where Zakat is collected, it is collected from the wealth of Muslims only and not from the non-Muslims. It is, as well, not a general tax, rather one of the pillars of Islam. Besides this, paying Zakat achieves a spiritual value, like the prayer, fasting and the hajj. Holy Quran and Prophet (pbuh) has laid a great emphasis on the duty of paying sadqats. Once the Messenger of Allah (SAW) sent Mu’az to Yemen and said to him: â€Å"Inform them that Allah obliged Sadaqah upon their wealth that is taken from their rich and given to their poor. † The Holy Prophet (S. A. W) fixed the rate on possession of wealth above a certain level and enforce its collection. There are different rates of Zakat on various properties such as zakat on 7. You read "Islamic State" in category "Essay examples" 5tolas of Gold, 52. 5tolas of silver etc. It is, as well, not a general tax, rather one of the pillars of Islam so of great importance to Muslim society. Jizyah Jizyah is derived from ‘Jaza’ which means ‘recompense’ or ‘compensation’. It is a per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state’s non-Muslim citizens. From the point of view of the Muslim rulers, jizya was a material proof of the non-Muslims’ acceptance of subjection to the state and its lawsIn return, non-Muslim citizens were permitted to practice their faith, to enjoy a measure of communal autonomy, to be entitled to the Muslim state’s protection from outside aggression, and to be exempted from military service and the zakat taxes obligatory upon Muslim citizens. Allah said â€Å"Fight, with those from among the people of the book who do not believe in Allah nor in the Last Day; who do not make unlawful that which Allah and His Messenger has made unlawful and adopt the right way as their way. (Fight with them) until they pay Jazia with their own hands and are humbled. † [9:30] Kharaj Land of the conquered terrorities left by the reigning Caliph in the possession of the subjugated unbelievers and land of thoses countries which accepted the sovereignty of Islamic state by a treaty of peace are called kharaji. The revenue, tax, rent, rate, lease, produce, income, wages etc collected from these land owners is called kaharaj. This policy of collection was first adopted my Hazart Umer r. a but  sanction for the levy of Kharaj is also found from the practice of the Prophet of Islam who gave the conquered lands of Khaiber to the Jews (who were previous owners of these lands) on the agreement that they would pay half of the produce to the Islamic State. Now I will call upon Sajjad Naqwi to guide you through rest of the sources of revenue of house of treasury. Sadqat Linguistically, sadaqah is derived from the root sadq or sidq, which means â€Å"to speak the truth, to be sincere. † It can also mean, â€Å"candor and efficiency. † Quran and Hadith laid emphasis on sadqat. It finds its origin in God’s command to: â€Å"Take sadaqah (charity) from their property in order to purify and sanctify them. † (Qur’an at-Taubah:103) There are two main types 1- Sadqat-i-Wajiba(obligatory Sadqat) 2-Sadqat-i-Nafla( supplementary sadqat) Sadqat-i-Wajiba is the offering of Zakat while Sadqat-i-Nafla is distribution of charity according to your will. Faie If overawed by the might of the Muslim army, the infidel forces runway without a fight leaving behind goods and property or after victory in battle the Muslim leaves the land of the unbelievers in their possession and ownership subject to a fixed tax, or a Kharaj or Jizyah all this gain sum up to FAIE. In this sense even kharaj and Jizyah become a kind of Faie. The Holy Quran declared the faie revenues as the right of bait-ul-maal. Faie is distributed amongst the soilders of Islam but instead is kept for the poor and needy. Orders regarding the Faie have beed issued in Sura Al-Hashr: Whatever Allah restorted to His Messenger from the people of the habitants, belongs to Allah and the Messenger and the kinsfolk and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarers, so that it does not remain circulating among your rich people only. Take whatever you Messenger gives you, and refrain from whatever he forbids you. Fear Allah , for Allah is stern in inflicting punishment. †[59:7-10] Zaraib Taxes, apart from zakat and sadqat, which the Islamic state is constraint to rely on the rich to meet the emergencies are called Zaraib. Such emergencies include war, drought, carrying out of urgent public welfare works and alleviation of unemployment. Discussing the question of assisting the destitute, Imam Ibn-e-Hazm writes: â€Å"If the bait-ul-mal funds, and revenues of faie fall short of meeting the economic needs of the suppliants the Caliph can impose additional taxes on the rich. If they resist, the Caliph can use force to make them pay. † Kra-al-ard State lands leased out on fixed rent are called ‘Annual Rent’ kra-al-ard/lagan. No ushr or kharaj is levied on these lands. Lands which after war are denoted to a trust for the Muslims or ownerless tracts managed by Bait-ul-maal are called ‘Ard al-Mamlukata’ or Ard al-Hauza Ashur Import duty was collected only once a year from merchants who brought trade goods into the territory of the Islamic state. This custom or import duty is called Ashur. This duty was imposed fot the first tiome in the regime of Caliph Umer (R. A). Muslim traders who carried goods for sale to Rome or Iran paid custom on each consignment. As a reciprocal measure the Islamic govt also imposed a duty on incoming goods, but the duty was exacted only once a yr. Muslim, Dhimmi, or Non-Muslims, no one was exempt from this duty. However each of them had to pay different rates of Ashur. Muslims being 2. 5%, Dhimmis 5% and Non-Arabs 10%. The minimum value of merchandise on which the duty was payable was 200 dirhams. Muslims who paid Zakat were exempted if they showed an affidavit. Waqf To transfer one’s property to the ownership of Allah, that is, to dedicate it to the cause of Allah is called Waqf(trust). The income from this property is deposited in the Bait-ul-maal. Amwal-i-fazla Other source of revenue includes: * The property of a deceased Muslim or Dhimmi with no heir becomes the the property of Bait-ul-maal * Secondly the property of an apostate is confiscated by the state and passed on to the ownership of Bait-ul-maal CONCLUSION Baitul Maal program is designed to  strengthen human resources, information technology, mentoring and facilitation of financing, and system management software technology-based and community empowerment in the areas of sustainable economic development. The master of the institution of bait-ul-maal is ALLAH and it is made to serve people and to maintain equality and brotherhood in the society. Tax system was designed in such a way that citizens did not consider it as burden and fail to fulfill it. Taxes which were imposed and collected were just for the prosperity of state and its citizens and to make the Islamic state a welfare state. Hence following the rules and regulations of Bait-ul-maal can help put an end to poverty THANK YOU!!! How to cite Islamic State, Essay examples

Internet of Things and the Smart-Cities-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Internet of things and the smart-cities. Answer: The Internet of things (IoT) is a network of home appliances, physical devices, vehicles and other similar products that are embedded with actuators, electronics, sensors, and software. The IoT devices transfer messages and information over the Internet. A clear strategy is required to successfully build a smart city. IoT devices like robots, drones, self-driving vehicles, 3D printing, and big data can bring significant transformational changes in energy and water, health, education, finance, buildings and livings, retails and logistics. The essay illustrates the social factors, the economic factors and the political factors that must be taken into consideration to build a smart city. Transformational changes in economy and society (Source: Ji et al., 2014) Smart Mobility Smart mobility solutions main objective is to build greener and cheaper transportation means. Thus these IoT solutions are both socially and economically feasible. Smart parking: It is quite difficult to find one suitable parking space in a large city. However, smart IoT solutions can be helpful to optimize the parking spaces for the smart cities. Smart sensors are connected to the parking spaces. The sensors are capable to detect whether there is an empty space or not. The sensors can address the cars currently in the parking area (Centenaro et al., 2016). The drivers can acknowledge nearest free parking slots. Generally, the parking slots of offices remain busy in the normal working days and working hours. Outside these hours, these parking slots can be used especially in the evening and the weekends. The users with the help of IoT and Internet services can reserve parking area outside office hours. Self-driving cars: The self-driving cars or autonomous cars are the ones that are capable to drive itself and they do not require any human intervention. They use various techniques to detect its surroundings. They mainly use the sensors like odometry, radar, GPS, laser light and computer vision (Ji et al., 2014). The self-driving cars can be used wisely. The utilisation of these cars can be combined with principles of sharing economy to lessen a large number of cars' usage and parking spaces' usage in the cities. In this case, the users do not have to use their cars instead they have to subscribe to the transportation services. Thus the users can be economically benefitted. Smart Safety The smart IoT devices are capable to provide safety to the society. Smart Street Lighting is emergency are some of the IoT solutions defined in the essay. Smart Street Lighting: Smart Street Lighting is good for the society as it reduces energy consumption. The smart street lights must be designed in such a way that it will become brighter when any specific vehicle is approaching nearby (Anagnostopoulos et al., 2015). The lights must glow when an ambulance or fire truck arrives. It can save time and can protect lives of many. Data-based crime prevention programs: The crime can be detected using the big data analysis. The government agencies can make use of the data to safeguard the society (Arasteh et al., 2016). Any individuals can prevent recidivism with the aid of IoT and big data analysis. Smart emergency apps: The smart apps and the emergency apps can be helpful for the citizens. The citizens can send alerts in case of emergency via all these apps. Thus the smart apps can help the citizens either in case of medical and criminal emergency (Urbieta et al., 2017). The apps inform the nearby police officers or safety guards or the nearby central police stations. Smart Energy Smart energy is related to low energy consumptions and the greener energy generation. Smart energy is useful comes with both social and economic benefits. Smart energy reduces the electricity consumptions, thus save users do not have to pay heavy electricity bills. Smart metering: The smart meters are helpful to generate data and all these data are used to get an overall view of the energy usage patterns. The smart apps use all the data and use concepts like the gamification (Khanna Anand, 2016). The gamification can make the consumers aware of the energy usage. The IoT thus can assist to decrease the energy consumption. Household devices: The IoT can be useful to manufacture household products or household appliances like kitchen appliances. Electric Vehicle charging: The vehicles which run on electric contain the battery. The battery has high energy storage capacity. This gives scope to store energy at the time of production peaks (Rathore et al., 2016). This also gives surplus energy at the time of the consumption peaks. The storage capacity thus allows smart cities to utilise energy effectively. Smart Water Smart Water solutions help in the minimizing the waste. The cities can get smart due to the smart water solutions. Smart IoT solution is useful for the society. Smart water solution comes with several economic benefits, water wastage can be minimized, and water can be reused. Leakage detection: The water scarcity and population growth have become important due to water loss management. The water providers equip the distribution network with the sensors in such a way such that they can provide real-time insight into quality, pressure and flows (Perera et al., 2014). The sensors can give the real-time data and it gives detail insight about the leakages. Thus all the leakages can be assessed and minimized. This approach is good for the society and smart cities. Water loss can be minimized. Pollution detection: The IoT and smart sensors are capable to detect water quality and thus the sensors are capable to detect the emergence of pollution. It provides solutions by which the sustainability of the city resources can be detected. Warning for flooding: Smart cities can suffer due to the excessive storm and rain. The smart sensors use the predictive analysis and by combing the geographical data along with weather forecast data detect the flood-prone zones and the times (Anagnostopoulos et al., 2017). Thus IoT and smart sensors can make the citizens of the smart cities aware of floods and the disaster. Smart Buildings Smart IoT sensors have the capabilities to simplify the lifestyle of the users residing in smart buildings. The sensors are capable to enhance ones social lifestyle and safety. Power consumption: The smart buildings have the capability to adjust the power consumption at the time of electricity scarcity (Toenjes, Kuemper Fischer, 2015). If the loads are high or the voltage is high, the smart IoT energy grid can send a message to the smart building to lower the power consumption. Smart refilling: Coffee machine and towel dispensaries require smart refilling. Refilling must be done in proper time. If the refilling is done too early then the owner of the buildings will have to bear heavy costs. If the refilling is done too late, then the users will get unsatisfactory results. Renewable energy: Smart buildings use the renewable energy like the thermal energy storage and the IoT solar panel to minimize the energy usage. Usage-based cleaning: IoT sensors can be used for the cleaning purpose. The robots work on commands and clean rooms and buildings. Smart Homes Smart home appliances are used to enhance individuals social lifestyle. Electronic devices, security devices are some of smart IoT based home appliances. Electronic devices: Smart homes are connected to smart IoT devices. The smart devices are laptops, smartphones and tablets (Boulos Al-Shorbaji 2014). Smart lights, coffee machine and smart television and everyday applications can facilitate ones lifestyle. Security devices: The users install home monitoring and security appliances at home, the smart IoT appliances ensure the security of homes. Regulating temperature: Smart IoT sensors installed at home are capable to regulate the temperature inside the home. The sensors are capable to capture real-time data about the light, temperature and humidity of the room. The sensors are capable to optimise the temperature of home by cooling and ventilation (Romero et al., 2016). The IoT sensors reduce costs. The owners of the homes will not have to pay heavy electricity bills. It is both economically and socially beneficial. Smart Health IoT has a huge impact on smart health and it offers several benefits to the society. Patient health records: Patients can get information from the internet sources about the diseases they are suffering from They can also get information to cure those diseases. The patients also can get access to their health records with the aid of IoT solutions. Smart health devices: The users have started to generate their own data with the help of the smart health devices like smart health band. The smart IoT health band gives the real-time data of physical conditions of particular individuals (Mohanty, Choppali Kougianos, 2016). The individuals can gather data on the basis of four objectives: self-improvement, self-discovery, self-awareness and self-knowledge. Advanced Robotics: The IoT based robots can be helpful for the treatment of the patients. The robots can perform certain sensitive tasks better than humans so they are used in specialized tasks. The robots can provide support to the patients. The robots can take special care of the patients. 3D printing: The surgeons with the help of IoT based 3D printing can practice a complication procedure on brain and heart of the patient. Smart Education IoT also facilitates smart education. Smart cities require smart people. Smart education is required for the betterment of the society. Digitization of education: Digital technology has paved the way for a new form of education. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are provided by the top universities of the world. The students can combine all the educational services from numerous educational providers and can create a learning path of their own. They can learn according to their talents, preferences and interests. The students do not need to visit University and they can learn the staffs sitting at home (Chakrabarty Engels, 2016). Smart IoT based Education is specifically useful for the disabled students. The disabled students can get access to the quality education with the help of the Smart Education. Smart Finance IoT eases smart finance and thereby can enhance the economic growth of the cities. Data based risk analysis: The IoT technologies- data analytics along with artificial intelligence is useful in assessing the risks. The companies with the help of the data analysis can get a competitive advantage. Data-based insurance: IoT is valuable to create useful data. In case of car insurance, IoT can be helpful as it can give an overview of driving behaviour. Digital payment systems: The mobile payments and smartphones have come up with the biometric authentication (Tao, Ota Dong, 2018). The customers do not need to pay cash in the end. The companies are mastering new technologies and they have skills and expertise in the large-scale transaction processing system. Smart Tourism Smart Tourism is an important aspect that must be considered. The IoT devices enhance the travel and tourism business. Crowd management: The IoT can be effective to manage large crowds. The technologies provide a detailed overview of the behaviour of the crowd. Recommendations have been made in the report that has provided effective measures for controlling the crowd. WiFi sensors can track the mobile devices of the individuals, the GPS trackers and the social media can assist to count the people (Medvedev et al., 2015). The advanced analytics aids in predicting the number of people in one particular area in advance. Robot guides: The IoT robots have become innovative. They have come up with social capabilities and machine vision and it provides a guide. The groups of tourists are approached by the robots (Ahlgren, Hidell Ngai, 2016). They answer their questions and display the surroundings. They are basically used in the tourists sites. Smart Retail The IoT devices facilitate smart retail business. Smart retail and logistics offer unparalleled flexibility. The IoT facilitates the retailers as well as the customers. Smart retail can help the customers economically. Virtual fitting: Smart mobile apps can be useful to show customers how the products actually look and fit on the customers. The customers can get a feel how the products look and feel when they are actually not wearing (Sanchez et al., 2014). For instance, in case of makeup, the smartphone actually utilizes the front camera of the phone and create an image of the face of the customers. After that on the face of the customers, the apps project the make-up. The uses can take a glimpse how the furniture actually looks in the home environments. Online retail: Mobile applications are used to purchase products online. The IoT facilitates the customers to add items to the cart (Balsamo et al., 2017). It also facilitates online money transaction and confirmation of orders. Smart Logistics IoT based smart Logistics is facilitating the order delivery and thus the customers are getting quick and efficient service. Smart Logistics is influencing the business economy. The customers can get quick efficient service at affordable prices. Personalised delivery: Online retailers offer multiple facilities. They offer flexibilities and smart solutions in terms of delivery place and time. The customers have the opportunity to choose the delivery methods they can order products by transacting money online. They can opt for cash on delivery (Cheng et al., 2015). The customers have the flexibility to choose the delivery time. Robotised order picking: The e-commerce companies facilitate the same day delivery (Del Fiore et al., 2016). The companies with the help of IoT prepare the parcel within 30 minutes as soon as the customer clicks the order button. Smart city distribution: The trend of e-commerce transactions is increasing day by day. The parcel delivery is also increasing hand in hand. The courier services and the e-commerce companies are preventing pollution and traffic congestion (Rhee, 2016). They are also aiming to distribute parcels through zero-emission electric vehicles. Smart manufacturing Smart IoT based manufacturing can lead to the development of infrastructure for the smart cities. The essay defines additive manufacturing and robotics. Additive manufacturing: Additive manufacturing is also termed as 3D printing. Additive manufacturing is the manufacturing technique that is helpful to create objects by addition (Lea Blackstock, 2014). Also, the price of additive manufacturing is gradually diminishing, thus the AM is getting competitive in comparison to the traditional technologies. Robotics: Robots are capable to perform tasks automatically. They can even perform the dangerous tasks with ease. Robots will not certainly overtake the human beings. However, they will take on growing part of the manufacturing sector. Smart Government Smart Government by utilizing IoT and latest technology can bring innovation in all parts of the value chain. IoT is influencing smart cities politically as well. Following IoT policies: The government value chain initiates with the assessment of the perceived societal issues. The big data combining with data analytics techniques enhances the predictive power of the analyses. The citizens of the smart cities must follow the principles and the policies set up by the government (Ejaz et al., 2017). The citizens following the policies can lead a better life. A smart city can only be maintained by following the IoT solutions carefully. It can be concluded from the above discourse that IoT devices like self-driving cars, drones, robots, 3D printing and big data can enhance the growth of smart cities. IoT is basically a system of connected physical objects like digital machines, mechanical devices and computing devices. The objects can be accessed through the Internet. The IoT solutions can create a great impact on smart cities economically, socially and politically and the essay has elaborated all those impacts in details. 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